The comparison of adjectives involves expressing the degree of a quality by comparing one person, thing, or action to another.
There are three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and superlative.
Positive degree:
Used when no comparison is made. It simply describes a quality.
Example:
She is a good singer.
Comparative degree:
Used to compare two people, things, or actions.
Structure:
For one-syllable adjectives: [adjective] + “-er“
Example:
The cat is faster than the dog.
For two-syllable adjectives ending in –y: Change –y to –i and add “-er.”
Example:
The city is busier than the town.
For two or more syllable adjectives: Use “more” before the adjective.
Example:
The movie is more interesting than the book.
Superlative degree:
Used to compare three or more people, things, or actions.
Structure:
For one-syllable adjectives: [adjective] + “-est“
Example:
She is the tallest girl in the class.
For two-syllable adjectives ending in –y: Change –y to –i and add “-est.”
Example:
I am the happiest person in this party.
For two or more syllable adjectives: Use “most” before the adjective.
Example:
It is the most beautiful place I’ve ever seen.
Irregular comparisons:
Some adjectives have irregular forms in the comparative and superlative degrees:
Good → Better (comparative) → Best (superlative)
Bad → Worse (comparative) → Worst (superlative)
Usage tips:
Comparisons with “Than”:
Comparative degree is often used with “than” to introduce the second element being compared.
Example:
She is smarter than her brother.
Superlatives and “The”:
Superlatives are usually preceded by “the.”
Example:
This is the best cake I’ve ever tasted.
Double comparisons:
Avoid using double comparatives or superlatives (e.g., “more taller” or “most fastest“). Choose one form.
Incorrect: He is more taller than his friend.
Correct: He is taller than his friend.
Common mistakes to avoid:
Incorrect: This is the most unique piece of art.
Correct: This is a unique piece of art. (Avoid using superlatives for absolute qualities like “unique.”)
Incorrect: She is more smarter than I am.
Correct: She is smarter than I am.
Understanding the degrees of comparison helps in accurately expressing differences and superlatives in English. Practice using various adjectives in different degrees to enhance your language skills. Happy learning!
