In everyday language, the use of “shall” and “will” has evolved, especially in American English, where “will” has largely replaced “shall.” However, traditional grammar still distinguishes between the two, particularly in formal contexts such as legal documents or contracts. Understanding the difference between “shall” and “will” can be useful for both everyday communication and more formal writing.
Shall
Definition:
“Shall” is traditionally used for the first-person future tense (I, we) to indicate something that is intended or expected to happen. It can also express determination or obligation, particularly in legal contexts.
Examples:
We shall enjoy working for the new town supervisor.
I shall attend the meeting tomorrow without fail.
In the contract, it is stated that we shall supply the required documentation when requested by the customer.
Will
Definition:
“Will” is used for the second and third-person future tense (you, they, he, she) to describe something that is going to happen. In legal documents, “will” often indicates a plan or intention to do something.
Examples:
You will enjoy working for the new town supervisor once you get to know her.
They will present their report by the end of the week.
Before the end of the month, the supervisor will appraise all of her employees.
Legal and formal usage
In legal or contractual language, “shall” and “will” can be used interchangeably with first-, second-, or third-person pronouns, depending on the specific tone or obligation being conveyed:
- “Shall” expresses a guarantee, determination, or requirement.
- “Will” indicates a promise or plan to perform an action.
Examples:
We (You, They) shall comply with all regulations set forth in the agreement.
The company will submit its financial reports quarterly, as required by law.
While “shall” and “will” have distinct traditional uses—especially in formal or legal contexts—modern usage often favors “will” in everyday communication. However, understanding the original distinctions can help ensure clarity and precision, particularly in formal writing.
